Proper water heater maintenance helps extend its lifespan, improves efficiency, and reduces the risk of breakdowns. Here’s a general maintenance guide depending on the type of water heater you have:
General Water Heater Maintenance Checklist (Tank-type)
1.
Turn Off the Power or Gas Supply
- Electric Heater: Turn off the breaker at the electrical panel.
- Gas Heater: Turn the gas valve to the “Pilot” setting.
2.
Check the Temperature Setting
- Set the thermostat to 120°F (49°C) to prevent scalding and reduce energy consumption.
3.
Test the Pressure Relief Valve
- Locate the T&P (temperature & pressure relief) valve near the top or side.
- Lift the lever to release water; you should hear a burst of air or see water.
- If it doesn’t drain or continues to leak afterward, replace it.
4.
Flush the Tank (Every 6-12 Months)
- Turn off the cold water supply.
- Attach a garden hose to the drain valve and run it to a drain or outside.
- Open the valve and allow sediment to flush out. Sediment buildup can reduce efficiency and cause damage.
- Refill the tank after flushing by closing the drain, opening the cold water, and turning the power/gas back on.
5.
Inspect the Anode Rod (Every 2-3 Years)
- This rod prevents tank corrosion by attracting minerals.
- Remove it using a socket wrench and inspect for heavy corrosion (less than 1/2 inch thick = replace).
- Replace if it’s heavily corroded or worn out.
6.
Check for Leaks or Rust
- Look around the base and top for any signs of water pooling or rust stains.
- Address small leaks early before they turn into major problems.
Tankless Water Heater Maintenance
1.
Descale/Flush the System (Every 6-12 Months)
- Limescale can build up in heating elements, especially in hard water areas.
- Use a descaling kit or a vinegar solution and run it through the heater using a pump.
- Refer to the manufacturer’s guide for the proper procedure.
2.
Clean the Water Filter
- Locate and remove the water filter (usually near the cold water inlet).
- Rinse it under running water and reinstall.
3.
Inspect the Air Intake and Exhaust Vents
- Clear out any debris, dust, or blockages.